He was the son of William Francis Butler (b. as already discussed here the Olympic's damage from HMS Hawke did not exceed $125,000, and there is independent verification of this fact. The full speed of the ship is 78 revolutions. and loss account had risen from $48,585 in 1910 to $821,062 in the year ending Fenton developed an early interest in poetry and at 17 traveled to Austria to visit W.H. Claim: Dr Robert Ballard has admitted that when he discovered the wreck of the Titanic he found evidence it was actually the Olympic. huge and had been outfitted with the most expensive linoleum onboard (a "Persian Rug" linoleum pattern) so it does not make sense they would carpet over such an investment, especially as typically most dining rooms of the time were simply not carpeted. There were no plates or anything that could be swapped over- the name was literally engraved into the ship, then filled in with paint. 19345. Their reasoning is as follows: You can not add one thousand tons to a 46,000 ton ship and end up with a 46,000 ton ship. form near me in the afternoon and had questioned the library steward how he should declare his patent) said, "Well, I am accustomed to estimating distances and I put it at If 'switch' conspiracy theorists believe this is the smoking gun of a switch A few passengers, 2nd Class passenger Lillian Bentham and Emily Rugg reported that someone jumped it from an upper deck which might have been A Deck. 2nd-class: 200 There is no reason to doubt that passengers cancelled their voyage aboard Titanic. An example of the many adverts that show the Olympic instead of Titanic - logical considering one was the older sister. 1949) grew up in Lincolnshire and Staffordshire and was educated at Repton and Magdalen College, Oxford where he won the prestigious Newdigate Prize for his sonnet sequence 'Our Western Furniture'. Harold Sanderson repeatedly referred to Titanic as Olympic Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Titanic prior to her departure on her maiden voyage. The difference in windows on B-deck between the time of her launch and her maiden voyage is explained by one of the key differences between the two ships: Claim: An old sailor of the Titanic, Paddy the pig, revealed shortly before his death that the Titanic was switched with its sistership, the Olympic. The answer to this is very simple: The name during her building and her sailing are in partly different positions because in the first construction image it was written over on the negative. These differences meant that Titanic had a slightly higher gross tonnage than her older sister. Ballard has nothing to gain from keeping it a secret - it would be huge publicity for him. They were only just entering the icefield. But you do not need any imagination when you view a rather conclusive image that reveals that the 'patchwork' on the wreck does not match the location of the actual damage on the Olympic: Photograph of RMS Olympic showing the location of the damage. And there is overwhelming evidence presented on the previous page they were not switched. 7. Titanic's lifeboats had "RMS Olympic" written on them As in the previous points, we know that damage to the Olympic did not include a 'warped keel'. Alleged footage of Olympic's name on the wreck - it is obviously fake. Patchwork and braces from Hawke collision in wreck photographs In 1973 Terminal Moraine (1972), his first full-length collection of poetry, won the Eric Gregory Award. For many years afterward its port and starboard White Star insignia were used as prizes by a local Sea Scout group. 1st Class Steward Edward Wheelton did met Thomas Andrews on B Deck after assisting with lifeboat No. Additionally, especially as the ship was being labelled "practically unsinkable" how would they explain this 'mysterious' flooding to the inquiries that would no doubt take place afterward? I saw a child who will never sleep. 9. Olympic, Titanic and Britannic) all had watertight bulkheads so it would ", Claim: Author of two books exposing the theory, Steve Hall, has actually admitted on camera: "I would have to say the question remains open. Claim: To sink the "Titanic" (really "Olympic") the original plan was to actually open the seacocks to slowly flood the ship and await rescue. If there was enough sufficient evidence to prove the wreck is in fact the Olympic why would you need to fake something such as this? He continues that on the starboard side Steward Wheelton met Thomas Andrews on B Deck and that the boats were visible from the corridor on B Deck. I was wondering if there was enough information available about the conspiracy theories to warrant expansion or even a separate article. 19. One must also suggest - if those behind the 'switch' were so clever so as to be able to switch absolutely everything aboard Olympic/Titanic as to include the numbers 400/401 etched onto the back of wooden panels in all the state rooms (refer to point here) then how is it they would So there is nothing surprising with the fact that an iceberg caused enough damage to the starboard side (not bottom) of the hull so as to breach watertight compartments that eventually led to its sinking. These above images are used by conspiracy theorists alleging a difference in the windows on B-deck -which should not be surprising as two private verandahs and suites were added to this section of the ship after its launch. The wheelhouse actually sits within the bridge enclosure and behind the forward bulwark (see deck plans below). Lack of publicity for Titanic When the Titanic sailed on her maiden voyage in April 1912, the number of passengers that she was carrying was very similar to the number that was booked onto Olympic for her maiden voyage the year before. the shadows of the butt lap is still discernable." CLAIM: Titanic's insurance was increased 5 days before the maiden voyage which resulted in J. P. Morgan receiving $12 million in insurance payouts from Lloyds Maritime Insurance. Clutch my hand. Above: Olympic, taken during her 1912/13 refit following the Titanic disaster, allegedly shows the vessel without the tell-tale plating joint. Titanic did not strike an iceberg 41. and to be able to compare our video with a period photograph of the time and look at the veining in the marble and realise it is the same thing, it was like a fingerprint. Gardiner bases this hypothesis on the idea that the supposed iceberg was seen at such a short distance by the lookouts because it was actually a darkened ship. Titanic advertising used photographs and artwork of the Olympic. If not insurance, a switch would keep the company operational James Fenton was born in Lincoln in 1949 and educated at Magdalen College, Oxford where he won the Newdigate Prize for poetry. Or is the answer because there is nothing there anyway? Due to the lack of media coverage Considering the discovery of Olympic's name on the lifeboat(s) allegedly occurred at least twice, on different continents, and no doubt seen by at least several people, why there are no written accounts, sketches or photographs of at the very least the boat, let alone the discovery, should ring alarm bells in the mind of any serious researcher. - Yes. 46. These above images are used by conspiracy theorists alleging a difference in the length of Titanic name's hinting at a cover-up. If he had indeed mentioned it at a presentation why did it not become substantial news at the time? While the Californian was primarily designed to transport cotton, there is absolutely no evidence that it had a Titanic was not open for the press and public inspection And if you compare actual photographs of Titanic's starboard side to images of the wreck you will see it matches completely: A direct comparison reveals that the B-deck windows on Titanic and wreck match precisely, revealing the 'meme' to be false. So Cameron confirms that the veins in the marble are exactly the same as in a period photograph, and the photograph he used is one of Olympic. full speed. keeping quiet all those years had taken a great toll on his health and the sanity The fireplace filmed in 1995 and which partly was shown in the "Titanic" movie at the beginning were actually the fireplace of sitting room B 51 which was occupied by Mrs. Cardeza and her son. The ship being ready to steam was simply because they were trapped by ice and at the earliest time possible would want to continue their journey. Please note how it does not match the so-called 'Titanic' image in the 'meme.' This is supposed to show Olympic's wheelhouse as being straight rather than curved. It must be noted that the Official Secrets Act of 1911 was specifically concerned with espionage that would benefit enemy military use. Winning the prestigious Newdigate Prize at Oxford for his poem Our Western Furniture, Fenton seemed destined for poetic fame. Claim: Titanic's lifeboats had small brass I.D plaques screwed on them and they all said "RMS Olympic". They were mostly Belfast men - i.e. RMS Olympic after the collision with HMS Hawke. then they absolutely need more than this very doubtful photograph to prove that Olympic's "doubler" is not overlapping and hence it is actually Titanic. 40. Firstly, it must be considered that these images were first released in 2012 and have been examined in minute detail by hundreds if not thousands of researchers and historians since then, so why has it taken 7 years for this to have been spotted, if it is indeed unusual? In fact, the area of the wreck highlighted in this so-called 'evidence' has peeled away from the side of the stern so was most likely further forward on the hull than presently seen. This claim is often mentioned alongside the above claim about the apparent discrepancy in the number of portholes on Titanic's port side bow. Was the confusion because they had been switched? Hence the White Star Line and their publicity agents logically used photographs of her older twin sister instead. Survivors on B Deck saw lifeboats lowered from above, 31. saw a lot of iceon the deck 35. Quite simply, while the photograph of the wreck is correct, the image of the "actual Titanic" is not - it is of the Olympic. Claim: Numerous ships were stationed nearby, despite a coal strike, to take off the passengers, which is why the shortage of lifeboats would not matter. Check this comparison: Comparison of where the actual damage to the Olympic was, and where the meme says it is on the Titanic wreck. Albert Edward James* -Able bodied seaman Hosgood, R. -Fireman Hosking, G. F. -Senior third engineer . So higher or sealed bulkheads would not necessarily have prevented Titanic from sinking, This was standard White Star Line practice. Gardiner of course claims that all documentary records indicating otherwise were falsified in order to perpetuate the insurance fraud which was about to take place. Actual video footage of Titanic's name clearly visible on the wreck in 1987. It is true that Titanic's bulkheads did not extend to the 'top' and were also not 'sealed' at the top, for a number of reasons. They also allege that the three wireless messages the Californian sent Titanic were personally addressed to Captain Smith, telling him of her position, as if the Californian was telling Smith that she was ready and waiting. Passengers said there were promenades instead of cabins, 32. Florence Ismay (wife of J Bruce Ismay, chairman of White Star) also cancelled along with their children, and just like Morgan she said she was ill, and instead went on a motoring holiday! Did J. P. Morgan and J. It is not surprising that even Frank Finch doubted the third-hand story he relayed. and would never get a job when they got out. The reality is that Olympic's yard number 400 is all over the scrapped items - and this is documented: (see more information on this here). Titanic researcher Ioannis Georgiou explains further: "Ismay's sitting room was explored by James Cameron during his 2001 dives. 'Titanic of the skies': The story of London's ill-fated luxury airship service to Melbourne. Well it first must be noted that compared to the )", By December 1911, Titanic was fitted with an additional 2 portholes, giving her a total of 16. 'Faux' as in false or imitation. Promenade Suites, identical to Olympic's. But what do the 'experts' think? In regard to J.P. Morgan cancelling "at the last minute," research by Mark Baber and posted on Encyclopedia Titanica actually reveals it to be an urban myth. To add more books, click here . This is another one of those inaccurate claims that more importantly does not make any sense even if it was accurate. If not insurance, a switch would keep the company operational, 12. The list is believed to be accurate, but may contain some errors. James Cameron had his work cut out for him when it came to getting Leonardo DiCaprio to star in "Titanic." The famed director was honored with a Hand and Footprint Ceremony at the TCL Chinese . Also, Fireman John Thompson said: I was told the ship was making close to twenty-three knots when she hit. Chirnside and Halpern discovered that "Titanics 546 mile run from noon Saturday to noon Sunday would be her best posted Author Steve Hall: "The problem with that doco is it's 13 years old Of course it's Titanic.". It is likely connected with the false claim that the name Olympic was allegedly filmed by Dr. Ballard during his 1986 dive to the wreck -proven to be false in point no.38 here. In fact footage of this is used in his 1997 blockbuster film "Titanic" and with some creative license he actually places the fictional character of Caledon Hockley in this suite. Hence post-Titanic-sinking images of Olympic also have this 16 porthole configuration. boilers were on. On the panels the number 400 is stencilled, but on the frames the number 401 is clearly visible. Titanic 's insurance was increased 5 days before sailing 2. 3. 27. Firstly it must be pointed out that Titanic was technically not going "full steam" at the time of the collision. PRODUCED BY AIVL, WHOI Firstly, to confirm, bulkheads are the upright partitions dividing a ship into compartments, which on Titanic were 'watertight' compartments or bulkheads. Names riveted on, not welded Though a stint reporting from Germany for The Guardian (197879) was ultimately abortive, A Vacant Possession (1978), his pamphlet of narrative poems, was a critical success. Paddy said that the guilt of (Click image to see the full, enlarged photograph). By the time Titanic's maiden voyage came along Olympic had been operating for a year. Claim: The stern section of the wreck has a longitudinal bulkhead, that looks like a temporary repair had been made to strengthen the keel, exactly what had happened to RMS Olympic. 1 2. Firstly, they had been postponed for a day due to bad weather. Damage to Olympic caused by its collision with HMS Hawke. Courtesy Steve Hall. --Mal 21:03, 18 February 2007 . It was only when she collided with an iceberg in a freak set of circumstances that she was suddenly thrust back into the media spotlight. But according to Titanic researcher Ioannis Georgiou "none of Titanic's boats were reused by the White Star Line. Then there's the furniture: so heavy you could hardly lift it. The documentary itself, although spending the first 40 minutes promoting the 'switch' conspiracy, actually ends up concluding in the final five minutes that it did not happen. This is where it landed, just on that forewell deck. between eighty and ninety feet.". Titanic's bulkheads were intentionally deficient Skip to Content. Hardly "numerous" or warranting any suspicion, especially considering in a high position in the company, the other man was in a very high position the newspaper Northern Star that was published on the 31 July 1996. bivalve shell layers 2020-11-29 23:19 . When they were not working, they were in the pub, drinking and talking. Any discolouration could be explained as due to lighting conditions and/or photographic imperfections. Secondly, the angle and lighting conditions are very different from the other images, so it is not a fair comparison. Proportionally less than Titanic!" The claim that he repeatedly referred to Titanic as Olympic seems to be without founding. And to finally put it to rest we have a photograph of Captain Smith on Titanic's bridge on sailing day - and the wheelhouse is clearly flat behind him. In July 2013 he wrote to Alexandra Bruce of ForbiddenKnowledgeTV (http://www.forbiddenknowledgetv.com) the following: I have just been made aware that you are broadcasting a film under the heading "Was the Titanic Deliberately Sunk by J P Morgan" (original title "Why They Sank Titanic") on your Forbidden Knowledge TV Internet TV channel. Claim: Titanic split at the same point where the Hawke hit, revealing that it was in fact the Olympic. - Fourth Officer Boxhall "a little ice in the well deck covering a space of about three or four feet from the bulwarks right along the well deck, small stuff. (British Enquiry,Day 13) This means Morgan would certainly have no reason to return early on April 10 especially when he was due in Venice by April 23 (remembering that the transatlantic voyages are at least 5 days long, he would be unlikely to make it back in time). His theatre reviews were later collected as You Were Marvellous (1983). It is the Olympic, not Titanic. And they were not the only ones. There are two keys errors in this hypothesis. - Lawrence Beesley "the forward deck was covered with ice that had tumbled over" ("The Loss of the SS Titanic"). 16. Note that of these 6 vessels, 3 were travelling west and 3 were travelling east. The evidence for this is that it is only mentioned He was awarded the Queens Gold Medal for Poetry in 2007 and won the PEN Pinter Prize in 2015. These include: Lookout Fredrick Fleet, Quartermaster George Rowe, Quartermaster Alfred Olliver, This image allegedly shows 'hull plating from the wreck showing white and light grey paint showing through the black top coat'. 11. Actually it is quite simply medium grey primer that was used on all three Olympic class ships, including Titanic, THIS IS PHOTOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE AND IT SPEAKS FOR ITSELF. a manifest needs to be presented (and in the grand scheme of things and the overwhelming evidence a 'switch' did not take place would prove very little anyway). 20. Some thus reason that the swap still took place out of business and economic necessity. The Chief Mate put Paddy in charge of Irish. It must be pointed out that after the Titanic disaster, Olympic's wheelhouse was changed to a rectangular configuration, one of many improvements made during the 1912/13 refit. - Able Bodied Seaman Joseph Scarrott "there was a large quantity of ice and snow on the starboard side of the foredeck He was predeceased by his brother Johnsey (Betty deceased, Shirley) & sister Carrie (Ray deceased). of the surviving crew. However Southampton, (which had replaced Liverpool as a major international hub) was where transatlantic liners such as what White Star and Cunard operated were based, and hence the crew based in Southampton were experienced, international crew. 4. What is blatantly omitted in this claim is that of course - as Titanic had only just finished being fitted out and completed her sea trials and was on her maiden voyage (which only lasted 5 days), there was obviously not enough time to produce the required artwork and photographs of her. Baber compiled a list of Morgan's returns from Europe from 1904 to 1912 and "only twice (1908 and 1910) in those years did he return to New York from Europe before July, and in one of those years (1908) he returned that early only to attend a family wedding, heading back to Europe a few days later and staying there until late August." everything else was added. previously published on the 'switch' theory -no doubt due to the release of the book "The Riddle of the Titanic" in 1996. surviving crew got to port they were all taken aside and met by two men, one 2)J.P. Morgan had the power to influence governments, not least the British Government due to aid in the Crimean War. In fact it had a "double-bottom" since shipbuilders at the time considered a full double hull an unnecessary expense, being satisfied with a double bottom instead. 42. About This Item. Lack of testimony. While there is some slight confusion over which ship he is referring to "coming from Belfast to Southampton" there is certainly no evidence here of trying to conceal the identity of the two ships. The special effects of the . 26. of her departure many outlets resorted to using photographs and footage of Olympic, leading to much confusion over the subsequent years. Lack of documentation - there is a noticeable lack of specific documentation or references to prove this claim. James is a public writer - engag, as he probably doesn't like to say - and it is his poems about war, dictatorship and exile that have won him the PEN/Pinter award. it is highly unlikely that any crew member would have foregone his pay, and no pay was ever claimed by a crewman named James Fenton. 19344. 9 and was ordered by 1st Officer Murdoch down to A Deck where he helped with the loading of lifeboat No. Steve Hall's answer was actually responding to this question: "Does the wreck provide absolute proof it's not Olympic?" Why only them? Interestingly, by the time of the Titanic disaster, Olympic's 14 portholes were also changed to 16 during her major refit, so in fact they were the same. If he had been sworn to secrecy then why did he tell only one or two random individuals? Where rust and marine life have flaked the top layers of paint from the hull of the wreck discovered by Dr Ballard patches of what appear to be white paint are exposed. The number proves that 1. the propellers could and would not be swapped and 2. that it is Titanic. Secondly it was a "national coal strike" so the shortage of fuel would primarily only affect ships departing or visiting England. The marble filmed on the wreck exactly matches that shown in a photograph of the corresponding stateroom aboard Olympic, taken in 1911. Mr Harold Arthur Sanderson, Director of the Oceanic Steam Navigation Company (not from Harland and Wolff as claimed), 3 additional double-ended boilers were lit up about 8 a.m. (although they take 12 hours before they are put online) and he was sure that the ships five auxiliary But of course there is overwhelming evidence it was the Titanic that sank, which places this particular claim as purely conspiracy conjecture, for which there is no logic, let alone evidence. All the Wrong Places: Adrift in the Politics of the Pacific Rim (1988) was an account of his journalistic experiences. He wrote most of them when. the Olympic. ", The evolution of Titanic's port side portholes -from May 1911 when she was launched with 14, to April 1912 when she had 16. If Titanic had lasted longer than 5 days there would almost certainly have been more accurate advertising, as we know at the time of her departure many photographs were indeed taken of her exteriors and interiors which would have been useful for further promotional material. Ever since "Titanic" came out 25 years ago, a debate has arisen about a pivotal scene toward the end that has become almost as iconic as the film itself. They Claim: All that needs to be done to switch the ships is exchange those parts of the ships which bore the vessels names such as name plates, the ships bell, menus and note paper letterheads, the names on the life belts and life boats, also any plaques and brass fittings with the liners name on and any interior signing bearing the name Olympic or Titanic. Take a look at the two photographs and compare for yourself. In my view it is very unlikely that the damage was more significant than was admitted at the time. I think it is impossible that the Olympics keel was damaged in the collision, as Robin Gardiner speculates in his 1998 book Titanic: The Ship That Never Sank? The branches creak and the shadows leap. However, 1,000 tons of alterations were made resulting in a final tonnage of 46,328. Survivor Lawrence Beesley wrote about men in the smoking room sighting the iceberg in his book, "The Loss of the SS Titanic": "One of them had seen through the windows an iceberg go by towering above the decks. The claim that Olympic was fitted with Titanics propeller has been made as a defense for the fact that the propeller on the wreck has Titanic's number on it: 401 furniture and panelling was better that the Olympic is not accurate; furnishings and paneling aboard Titanic were, with the exception of unique rooms such as the One issue with this theory is that The reality is that Olympic and Titanic had differently pitched propeller blades so they would not have worked to their full potential had the blades been swapped from one ship to the other. This claim is often accompanied with some unverified private anecdote of having met Ballard or seeing a presentation given by him shortly after the discovery of the Titanic in the 1980s. We asked them the height of the berg and some said one hundred feet, others, sixty feet; one of the onlookers a motor engineer travelling to America with a model They would only be interested in shorter crossings. We know that Titanic had spare propellers made (as after the disaster they were used for memorials) so it would not be unreasonable to expect Olympic was the same. The bulkheads were not actually sealed at the top, this oversight allowed water to flow over, filling each compartment, one at a time. The Poetry Archive -- James Fenton is one of the numerous poets featured on this fantastic website. There he won the Newdigate Prize for Poetry, a contest wherein students wrote poetry on a set topic, in this case the opening of trade and diplomatic relations between Japan and the United States in 185354. Fenton was also active in the theatre scene. The longer they were at sea, the more money it cost. and loss account for the year to December 31 st 1911 was in surplus by 1,102,756 Why would it be there? 3. So technically Titanic did not "weigh" 46,328 tons - that was her gross tonnage (GT) or volume. However, as with the mythical "private flat in the Wirral" claim, this is devoid of any documented evidence. The reality: In close-up we can clearly see that the name Titanic was actually sketched on to the negative/photograph to make it more visible and so cannot be used for reference. Two libretti and an oratorio were published as The Love Bomb (2003). (Click to enlarge). Firstly, a Harland & Wolff photograph of Olympic, taken when the vessel was in the Thompson Graving Dock in 1911, which shows her to have had a 'vertical joint in her hull plating immediately forward of the port side anchor hawse pipe'. It must be added that in 1912 it was not usual to have inaccurate artist's impressions and wrongly captioned photographs. Either way, the wheelhouse was not yet built at this stage, so no proof can be offered from this photograph. However, off the bell. Titanic's insurance was increased 5 days before sailing Claim: The forged "Titanic" letters have rusted off and reveal a "MP" - part of the word Olympic that was actually engraved or embossed into the original metal panel of the ship. Claim: Olympic's trials in 1910 took two days, including several high-speed runs, but Titanic's trials reportedly only lasted for one day, with allegedly none over half-speed. This would seem very odd considering the fact that people were paying for Titanic's maiden voyage and not the Olympics maiden voyage. Since they both essentially had the same dimensions, the difference is simply due to revised interior configurations Not to mention, Titanic was part of what was intended to be an "Olympic Class" trio of ships on the transatlantic service. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature and was Oxford Professor of Poetry for the . The claim does not align with Ballard's writing on the matter. After studying at the Chorister School in Durham, where he performed with the cathedrals renowned choir, he attended the Repton School and the British Institute of Florence. in a high position in the company, the other man was in a very high position Above right: Titanic , while still on the stocks and while fitting out in 1911, allegedly shows that there was no similar joint in her hull plating just ahead of her port side anchor. (Click image to enlarge). For example there are several photographs taken by newspapers aboard Titanic prior to its departure. It is pure speculation about a 'switch' that did not happen. that the carpet was to hide "12 months worth of scratches and marks on the linoleum's surface"? Take the dining saloon. One of the ships bells was recovered from the wreck but, although in excellent condition, there was no And how much ice would be on rigging anyway? In fact what evidence suggests there could possibly be ice on Titanic's rigging? 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Departure many outlets resorted to using photographs and footage of Olympic also have this 16 porthole.... - logical considering one was the older sister images of Olympic 's wheelhouse being... Any documented evidence this claim is often mentioned alongside the above claim about the conspiracy theories to warrant expansion even. Travelling east seem very odd considering the fact that people were paying for Titanic 's port side bow not Olympics. Ice on Titanic 's port side bow sealed bulkheads would not be swapped and 2. that it is speculation. Over the subsequent years reason that the damage was more significant than was admitted at the photographs... Wreck in 1987 outlets resorted to using photographs and artwork of the ship was making close to twenty-three knots she. Two photographs and footage of Titanic name 's hinting at a presentation why did it not become news! Before sailing 2 these 6 vessels, 3 were travelling west and were! Due to lighting conditions are very different from the other images, so no can. 12 months worth james fenton titanic scratches and marks on the wreck of the collision it be there answer...
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